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Effectiveness Of Health Education In Controlling Perinatal Depression:
A Systemic Literature Review
Lina Herida Pinem, Tukimin Bin Sansuwito, Nisha Nambyar

Abstract
Introduction: Perinatal depression can occur in 10-15% of women from pregnancy to
postpartum. Lack of knowledge about the process of pregnancy and childbirth is a factor that
influences the incidence of prenatal depression. Having prenatal depression also increases
the risk of developing postpartum depression 6 weeks after giving birth and lack of knowledge
about preparing for the role of motherhood, postpartum care, and newborn care are factors
that cause postpartum depression. This shows that education about pregnancy, childbirth,
postpartum care, newborn care, and mental health is very important from the time of
pregnancy. Objective: This Systematic Literature Review was conducted to know the
effectiveness of health education in controlling perinatal depression which will be assessed
through the EPDS score. Methods: This systematic literature review was conducted using
the PRISMA model by searching for articles through four electronic databases: ScienceDirect,
Google Scholar, PubMed, and SAGE with inclusion criteria: respondent mothers with
perinatal depression (prenatal or postpartum depression), original article, controlled trial
methodology (RCT) or quasi-experiment, published from 2018 to 2023, in English,
intervention in the form of education via telephone or internet media. Exclusion criteria were
journals older than 2018, a mother with acute psychosis, and a lifetime history of depression.
Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through the process of extracting titles and
abstracts of articles, 10 articles were obtained which entered the analysis stage. Results:
The initial search found 2283 articles and after removing duplicate articles, the number of
articles filtered was 1383 and 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. All of these articles provide
education to control postpartum depression. The educational materials provided are almost
the same including preparation for childbirth, care for pregnant women, postpartum women,
baby care, and maternal mental health. The majority of educational methods use digital or
online, use media in the form of booklets, videos, and text messages, and only one article
uses face-to-face education using PowerPoint media. The minimum intervention duration is 4
weeks, and the maximum is 4 months. The effectiveness of the intervention in reducing the
EPDS score or improving the mental health of the mother was not significant in the two
studies, whereas 8 studies showed that there was a significant difference in the EPDS score
between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Health education carried out since
pregnancy is effective in controlling perinatal depression.
Keywords: Health Education, Perinatal, Postpartum, Depressio