Detail Cantuman

ABSTRACT
Received: November 25, 2024
Revised: December 20, 2024
Accepted: December 23, 2024

Background: In the examination of blood type using the tube method, a test cell
containing 5% erythrocytes of the solution volume is required. The blood type test
using the tube method is carried out in hospital blood banks and in the educational
world during practical activities. The obstacle in making a 5% erythrocyte solution
is that erythrocytes are lysed so that it is made every day. In addition, making a
5% erythrocyte solution takes a long time so it is not efficient.
Purpose: This study aims to find a solution that can maintain erythrocytes for a
long time and detecting blood type.
Method: This experimental study involved the preparation of 120 tubes containing
5% erythrocyte suspensions from blood types A, B, AB, and O. The samples were
diluted in 10 different test solutions, including CPD, ACD, EDTA 5%, Heparin 3%,
NaCl 0.9% + glucose (0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%), and NaCl 0.9%
Daily lysis observations were performed using vortex mixing, centrifugation, and
color assessment. The solution with the most extended stability was further tested
for ABO blood grouping using the tube method to analyze agglutination patterns.
Results: The test solution that can maintain erythrocytes for a long time is the
citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) solution. This solution can prevent erythrocytes
for a long time and does not damage erythrocyte antigens. It can also detect blood
types well, making blood type examination time more efficient.
Conclusion: CPD solution successfully prevents erythrocyte lysis for a longer
time compared to other solutions and functions in detecting blood type antibodies.