Detail Cantuman

Article History
Received : 05-07-2022
Revised : 22-08-2022
Accepted : 24-08-2022

Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Culex sp. is a vector of dengue, filariasis, and malaria in
Indonesia. One of the alternative efforts to control the spread of mosquitoes
that are safe and harmless to the environment and humans can be done by
giving natural ingredients that have the potential as larvicides, namely
bitter melon. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect and
effectiveness of bitter melon as a natural larvicide for Aedes aegypti and
Culex sp. The design of this study was experimental using samples of bitter
melon and fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Culex sp. The
treatments in this study included ethanol extract of bitter melon with
concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 750 ppm and 1000 ppm, abate 1% as
a positive control and aquades as a negative control. All treatments were
given to the fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti Culex sp. each containing
20 larvae. Data analysis in this study was carried out by One-Way ANNOVA
test, Independent sample t-test, and probit analysis. The results showed
that the lowest-highest percentage of Aedes aegypti larvae mortality
ranged from 26% - 85%, while Culex sp. ranged from 17% - 65%. The
results of the ANOVA test showed significant differences between the
treatment groups (P<0.05) in both Aedes aegypti and Culex sp. but the
results of the Independent sample t-test showed no significant difference
(P>0.05) between the Aedes aegypti and Culex sp. The results of the probit
analysis showed that the LC50 value for Aedes aegypti was 728,789 ppm
while Culex sp was 732,272 ppm. The conclusion of this study was that the
administration of ethanol extract of bitter melon was more effective on the
fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti than Culex sp.

Keywords:
Aedes sp., Culex sp.
bitter gourd, Momordica
larvae instar IV